Utvrđivanje razlika u pojavnosti čimbenika rizika obolijevanja od kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti kod urbanih adolescenata s normalnim i povišenim krvnim tlakom

master's thesis

• Title (english): Differences in the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases in urban adolescents with normal and high blood pressure
• Author: Ivana Karlović
• Mentor: Ivan Radman (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Radman (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Danijel Jurakić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maroje Sorić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Glavna svrha ovog rada bila je je istražiti frekvencije čimbenika rizika obolijevanja od kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti kod adolescenata šireg urbanog područja koji imaju normalan i povišen krvni tlak. U provedbi istraživanja participiralo je ukupno 845 djevojaka i dječaka upisanih u prvi razred srednje škole u gradu Zagrebu. Podijeljeni po spolu, uzorak je sačinjavalo 416 djevojaka i 429 dječaka, koji se nasumično odabrani za sudjelovanje u istraživanju prema protokolu znanstvenog projekta CRO-PALS. Antropološkim mjerenjem prikupljeni su podatci o tjelesnoj masi, tjelesnoj visini i opsegu struka. Podaci o tjelesnoj aktivnosti, provedenom vremenu pred ekranom, učestalosti pušenja te socioekonomskom statusu sudionika dobiveni su putem upitnika SHAPES. Vrijednosti krvnog tlaka izmjerene su prema protokolu auskultatorne metode, koristeći živin sfigmomanometar i manžetu. Dobiveni rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da od cjelokupnog broja ispitanih adolescenata, 21.6% djevojaka i 27.0% dječaka ima povišen krvni tlak. Kod promatranih djevojaka i dječaka uočeni su viši postotci prekomjerne tjelesne mase, pretilosti te abdominalne pretilosti kod onih adolescenata koji imaju povišen krvni tlak. Kod ostalih čimbenika rizika; tjelesna neaktivnost, konzumacija duhana, prekomjerno provođenje vremena pred ekranom, nije utvrđena statistička zavisnost o kategoriji krvnog tlaka. Adolescenti koji imaju povišene vrijednosti krvnog tlaka trebali bi provoditi adekvatnu tjelesnu aktivnosti te uvesti kvalitetan način prehrane kako bi se smanjio rizik obolijevanja od kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti i povišenog krvnog tlaka. Nakon provedenog istraživanja opravdano je naslutiti da bi se udio urbanih adolescenata s visokim krvnim tlakom mogao regulirati posredstvom smanjenja udjela pojedinaca prekomjerne tjelesne mase i abdominalne pretilosti. Stoga, da bi se smanjio rizik obolijevanja od povišenog krvnog tlaka i pojave kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti, politike jedinica gradskih vlasti dijelom trebaju biti usmjerene promoviranju zdravog načina života i smanjenja prekomjerne tjelesne mase kod mlađih populacija.

Abstract (english)

The main purpose of this research was to determine the differences in incidence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in adolescents of a wider urban area who have normal and high blood pressure. 845 first grade high school students from the area of the city of Zagreb participated in the research. Divided by gender, the sample consisted of 416 girls and 429 boys, who were randomly selected to participate in the research according to the protocol of the CRO-PALS study. Anthropological measurements collected dana on body weight, body height and waist circumference. Dana on physical activity, time spent in front of the screen, smoking frequency and socioeconomic status were obtained by the SHAPES questionnaire. Blood pressure values were measured according to the protocol of the auscultatory method, using a mercury sphygmomanometer and cuff. The obtained research results showed that out of the total number of examined adolescents, 21.6% of girls and 27.0% of boys have high blood pressure values. Higher percentages of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity were observed in the observed girls and boy sin those adolescents who have high blood pressure. For other risk factors; physical inactivity, tobacco consumption, excessive spending time in front of the screen did not reveal a statistically significant dependence on blood pressure category. Adolescents who have high blood pressure should perform adequate psysical activity and introduce a quality diet to reduce the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases and high blood pressure. After conducting research, it is reasonable to suspect that the proportion of urban adolescents with high blood pressure could be regulated by reducing the proportion of overweight individuals and abdominal obesity. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure and chronic non-communicable diseases, policies of city government units should be partly aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle and reducing overweight in younger populations.

• Keywords: pušenje; pretilost; prekomjerna tjelesna masa; abdominalna pretilost; tjelesna neaktivnost; kronične nezarazne bolesti
• Keywords (english): smoking; obesity; overweight; abdominal obesity; physical inactivity; chronic non-communicable diseases
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:622185
• Study programme: Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing; Course: Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-11-30 14:22:23