Title UČINAK VJEŽBI STATIČKOG ISTEZANJA NA KRONIČNI RAZVOJ EKSPLOZIVNE JAKOSTI I ADAPTACIJU AKUTNOG ODGOVORA NA ISTEZANJE Title (english) EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING EXERCISES ON CHRONIC DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH AND ADAPTATION OF THE ACUTE RESPONSE TO STRETCH Author Marko Bukvić Mentor Tatjana Trošt Bobić (mentor)Committee member Tatjana Trošt Bobić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Cvita Gregov (član povjerenstva)Committee member Lidija Petrinović (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2021-07-05, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Dosadašnje spoznaje upućuju na činjenicu da statičko istezanje akutno kompromitira mišićnu sposobnost brzog generiranja sile. Rad je bio usmjeren prema otkrivanju trenda kroničnog smanjenja eksplozivne jakosti kroz provođenje statičkog istezanja na završetku svih trenažnih jedinica. Ova studija doprinijeti će dubljem shvaćanju učinaka statičkog istezanja na mišićno-živčanu karakteristiku eksplozivne jakosti te mogućeg razvoja adaptacije na akutan mišićni odgovor. To bi moglo osnažiti kineziološku praksu usmjerenu na kombinaciji pliometrijskog treninga i statičkog istezanja.
Studija je izvršena na profilu 27 zdravih, sportsko aktivnih ispitanika, u prosjeku dobi 22.4 ± 3.2 godine. Nasumičnim izborom ispitanici su razvrstani u dvije grupe (E i K). Eksperimentalna grupa imala je 14 ispitanika, a kontrolna 13 ispitanika. Da bi ustanovili učinak istezanja statičkog karaktera na dugoročno unapređenje eksplozivnih mišićnih svojstava (eksplozivna jakost), obje grupe ispitanika bile su testirane prije i poslije implementacije šestotjedne pliometrijske intervencije. Dva upotrebljena motorička testa su skok s pripremom (engl. Counter movement jump test – CMJ) i kontinuirani skokovi iz gležnja (engl. continous jumps test – CJ's). Analizirana varijabla za odredbu eksplozivne jakosti bio je rezultat u postignutoj visini u centimetrima. Eksperimentalna grupa izvodila je šestotjedni trenažni plan sa statičkim istezanjem na završetku trenažne jedinice, a kontrolna jednak trenažni rad uz odsustvo finalnog istezanja.
Rezultati izvršene ANOVE ukazuju na nepostojanje statistički značajne razlike u kroničnom unapređenju eksplozivnih mišićnih svojstava između dvije grupe ispitanika, u obje praćene varijable (CMJ p=0.384; CJ's p=0.085). Također, rezultati T-Testa za zavisne uzorke nisu ukazali da postoji moguća živčano-mišićna razlika u adaptaciji na negativan akutan učinak statičkog istezanja eksperimentalne u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu.
Ovo istraživanje dovodi nove znanstvene spoznaje u sportsku praksu. Preporuča se provođenje statičkog istezanja na kraju pliometrijskih trenažnih jedinica bez kompromitacije razvoja eksplozivne jakosti. Na taj način ostvaruju se dobrobiti dvije vrste treninga paralelno na istoj trenažnoj jedinici. Provođenje statičkog istezanja prije važnih sportskih aktivnosti i dalje se treba izbjegavati ili zamijeniti s dinamičkim istezanjem.
Abstract (english) The findings today refer to the fact that static stretching acutely compromises the muscular ability to rapidly generate force. Research investigated a possible trend of chronic reduction of jump height through the implementation of stretching protocol at the ending parts of each plyometric training unit. Research results will supply deeper information about the influence of stretching mechanisms on the musculoskeletal ability to rapidly generate maximum force and the possible development of adaptation to the acute muscular response, which could improve the science-based practice of planning a combination static stretching protocol with explosive strength training.
The research was implemented on 27 active and athletic participants, 22.4 ± 3.2 years. Randomly selected participants were drafted to two groups (E and C). Experimental group had 14 participants, and the control group had 13 participants. To discover the influence of protocol, which consists of 5 different static stretching exercises on chronic explosive strength development, participants have been tested in the beginning and in the end of 6-week plyometric intervention. The motor assessments used were the counter-movement jump test (CMJ) and the 15-seconds continuous reactive jumps test (CJ's). The derived variable for estimating explosive strength was the jump height in centimeters. The E group carried out a 6-week jump training program with stretching protocol after plyometric part of training. The C group did not execute static stretching protocol in the end of every training unit. ANOVA results were not statistically significant in chronic advancement of jump height between participants of both groups, in tracked variables (CMJ p = 0.384; CJ's p = 0.085).
Also, the results of the T-Test for dependent samples did not indicate that there was a possible neuromuscular difference in adaptation to the negative acute effect of static stretching in experimental compared to the control group.
This research suggests bringing new scientific insights into sports practice. It is recommended to perform stretching protocol after plyometric training, which will not compromise the involvement of explosive strength. Hence, the benefits of two types of training are acquired simultaneously if done together. Performing static stretching before important sports activities should still be avoided or replaced with dynamic stretching.
Keywords
statičko istezanje
pliometrija
neuromuskularna funkcija
Keywords (english)
Static stretching
Plyometrics
Neuromuscular function
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:117:424841 Study programme Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2021-11-09 13:47:24
