Title AKUTNI I KRONIČNI UČINAK STATIČKOG ISTEZANJA NA EKSPLOZIVNU JAKOST Title (english) ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECTS OF STATIC STRETCHING ON EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH Author Domagoj Šumatić Mentor Tatjana Trošt Bobić (mentor)Committee member Tatjana Trošt Bobić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Cvita Gregov (član povjerenstva)Committee member Pavle Mikulić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2021-09-20, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract U sportskoj praksi statičko istezanje često se pojavljuje na kraju trenažnih jednica. Dosadašnje spoznaje ukazuju na činjenicu kako bi statičko istezanje moglo kompromitirati akutni izlaz jakosti eksplozivne sile, međutim kronični efekti statičkog istezanja na eksplozivnu jakost još nisu istraživani. Cilj diplomskog rada je utvrditi prati li akutni učinak statičkog istezanja kroničnu mišićno-živčanu adaptaciju na pliometrijski trening te postoji li negativan utjecaj statičkog istezanja nakon šest tjedana treninga pliometrije.
Akutni dio eksperimentalnog rada izvršen je na uzorku od 40 ispitanika, studenata Kineziološkog fakulteta, prosječne dobi 22.6 ± 4.23 godine. Kronični dio proveden je na 27 ispitanika koji su bili prosječne dobi 22.4 ± 3.2 godine. Nasumičnim izborom ispitanici su razvrstani u dvije grupe (E i K). Eksperimentalna grupa imala je 14 ispitanika, a kontrolna 13. Radi utvrđivanja utjecaja statičkog istezanja na kronično unaprijeđenje eksplozivne jakosti, obje grupe ispitanika bile su podložene testiranju uoči početka i nakon završetka šestotjednog pliometrijskog treninga. Dva upotrebljena motorička testa bila su skok bez pripreme (SJ) te skok u dalj iz mjesta (SDM). Praćena komponenta bila je visina skoka mjerena u centimetrima za SJ te daljina skoka za SDM. Obje grupe izvodile su identičan trenažni plan pliometrije.
Eksperimentalna grupa statički se istezala po završetku trenažnih jedinica, a kontrolna grupa nije provodila istezanje. Rezultati provedene ANOVE ukazuju da nisu postojale statistički značajne razlike između dvije grupe ispitanika u kroničnom unaprijeđenju eksplozivne jakosti prije (SJ= 0.782; SDM= 0.752) i nakon (SJ= 0.375; SDM= 0.533) provedbe akutnog istezanja. T-test za zavisne uzorke ukazao je na statistički značajan negativan učinak akutnog istezanja na početnom i na završnom testiranju.
Ovaj rad pokazao je statistički značajno unapređenje u mjerenim varijablama nakon provedbe šestotjedne trenažne intervencije u obje grupe. To konkretno znači da statičko istezanje ne utječe negativno na kroničan razvoj eksplozivne jakosti. Dakle, u sportskoj praksi ne treba izbjegavati sportaševo istezanje na kraju pliometrijskih trenažnih jedinica. Rezultati su također pokazali akutan negativan učinak statičkog istezanja na eksplozivnu jakost. Prije važnih eksplozivnih sportskih aktivnosti, sportaši bi trebali izbjegavati provedbu statičkog istezanja i zamijeniti ga dinamičkim istezanjem.
Abstract (english) Static stretching is a common occurence in sports as a final part of training units. The findings to date suggest that static stretching could impair the acute output of explosive force strength. It's chronic effects on explosive force output have not yet been investigated. This study was implemented with a goal of researching the acute static stretching effect of chronic musculoskeletal adaptation on explosive strength and the possible negative impact of static stretching after six-weeks plyometric training intervention.
The acute part of the experimental study was performed on a sample of 40 participants, average age 22.6 ± 4.23 years. The chronic part was performed on 27 participants, average age 22.4 ± 3.2 years. By random selection, the subjects were classified into two groups (E and K). The E group had 14 subjects and the K group 13. The groups were tested both before and after six-week training programme in order to obtain the consequences of static stretching on chronic explosive strength progression. The two tests used were the squat jump (SJ) and the long jump (SDM). The derived variable was the jump height in centimeters for SJ, and the jump distance in centimeters for SDM. Both groups performed an identical plyometric training plan. The E group implemented static stretching after plyometric training, and the K group did not stretch. ANOVA results indicate the absence of a statistically meaningful difference between groups of subjects in the chronic improvement of explosive strength before (SJ = 0.782; SDM
= 0.752) and after (SJ = 0.375; SDM = 0.533) implementation of SS. T-test results for dependent samples indicated a statistically significant negative effect of acute stretching on both initial and final testing.
This research demonstrated a statistically significant advancement in the measured variables between initial and final testing in both E and K groups. This means that static stretching does not negatively affect the chronic development of explosive strength and that it should not be avoided at the end of explosive training units. The results also showed acute negative static stretching influence on chronic progression of explosive strength. Prior to important explosive sports activities, athletes should avoid performing static stretching and replace it with dynamic stretching.
Keywords
statičko istezanje
pliometrija
neuromuskularna funkcija
Keywords (english)
Static stretching
Plyometrics
Neuromuscular function
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:117:304214 Study programme Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2021-11-25 10:56:53
