UZROCI I MEHANIZMI NASTANKA NAJČEŠĆIH OZLJEDA KAJAKAŠA

master's thesis

• Title (english): CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF OCCURRENCE MOST COMMON INJURIES OF KAYAKERS
• Author: Sara Petak
• Mentor: Nikola Prlenda (mentor)
• Committee member: Nikola Prlenda (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Branka Matković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Saša Janković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Unazad nekoliko godina, kajakaštvo je sportska grana za kojom interes raste
velikom brzinom. No, kako se sve veći broj sportaša i rekreativaca bavi ovom aktivnosti, tako se proporcionalno povećava i postotak broja ozljeda. Upravo je cilj ovog rada prikazati najčešće ozljede kod kajakaša, mehanizme njihovih nastanaka, u cilju bolje pripreme, te prevencije. Uvidom u dosadašnja istraživanja na temu ozljeda kod kajakaša, naglasak je stavljen na gornji dio tijela, najviše na rame. Uzrok tih ozljeda najveći broj autora pripisuje nepravilnoj tehnici izvođenja zaveslaja, asimetriji mišića, udarcima u razne objekte ili predmete na vodi te pretjeranim izvođenjem što dovodi do umora, pa samim time i do mogućnosti ozljeđivanja. Rame je glavna sastavnica u izvođenju pokreta rukom u cjelini. Kako je ono najpokretljiviji zglob u tijelu, kajakaši ga često testiraju, dovodeći do rizičnih položaja za ozljeđivanje. Mišići ramena koji su najčešće ozlijeđeni su oni rotatorne manšete (subskapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor), koji povezuju lopaticu s nadlakticom. Zbog same konstrukcije ramenog zgloba te djelovanjem vanjske sile, dolazi do odvajanja zglobnih tijela humerusa (nadlaktične kosti) te scapule (lopatice) uzrokujući luksaciju ramena.
Postoji niz vanjskih i unutarnjih čimbenika koji utječu na potencijalno ozljeđivanje kajakaša. Kako bi se ono smanjilo, važno je obaviti preventivne akcije poput bolje informiranosti, boljeg zagrijavanja, usavršavanja tehnike te doziranja količine treniranja, što je osobito teško kod elitinih sportaša.

Abstract (english)

For the past few years, kayaking has been a sport in which interest is growing rapidly. However, as an increasing number of athletes and recreational athletes engage in this activity, so does the percentage of injuries grows. The main goal of this paper is to show the most common injuries among paddlers, the mechanisms of their occurrence in order to better prepare and prevent. Through insight into previous research on the topic of injuries in kayakers, the emphasis is placed on the upper body, mostly on the shoulder. The cause of these injuries is attributed by most authors to improper rowing technique, muscle asymmetry, blows to various objects or objects on the water and excessive performance that leads to fatigue, and eventually to the possibility of injury. The shoulder is a major component in performing hand movements in totality. As it is the most mobile joint in the body, kayakers often test it, leading to risky positions for injury. The shoulder muscles that are most injured are the rotator cuffs (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor), which connect the scapula to the upper arm. Due to the constructions of the shoulder joint and the action of external forces, the articular bodies of the humerus (upper arm bone) and the scapula (shoulder blade) separate, causing dislocation of the shoulder. There are several external and internal factors that affect the potential injury of a kayakers. To reduce it, it is important to perform preventive actions such as better information, better warm-up, improvement of technique and dosing the amount of training, which is especially difficult for elite athletes.

• Keywords: kajakaške ozljede; rame; prevencija; tehnika
• Keywords (english): kayak injuries; shoulder; prevention; technique
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:137714
• Study programme: Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing; Course: Kinesiology in Education and Sailing; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-11-30 08:12:13