PROGRAM PREVENCIJE SINDROMA PRENAPREZANJA DONJEG DIJELA LEĐA KOD VRHUNSKIH SKIJAŠA KORIŠTENJEM VJEŽBI ZA JAKOST I STABILNOST TRUPA

master's thesis

• Title (english): PREVENTION PROGRAMME FOR OVERUSE INJURIES IN THE LOWER BACK OF ELITE ALPINE SKIIERS BY USING EXERCISES FOR STRENGTHENING AND STABILAZING CORE MUSCLES
• Author: Karlo Pavlić
• Mentor: Vjekoslav Cigrovski (mentor)
• Committee member: Nikola Prlenda (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tatjana Trošt Bobić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vjekoslav Cigrovski (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Alpsko skijanje je specifičan sport koji zahtijeva visoku razinu tjelesne spremnosti, odnosno motoričkih i funkcionalnih sposobnosti. Stoga je nužna kondicijska priprema specifična za skijanje, neovisno o dobi i skijaškom znanju pojedinca. Za vrijeme skijaške aktivnosti, u zavoju, javlja se sila reakcije podloge koja može biti preko 2.5 puta veća od tjelesne težine skijaša. Za izvođenje zavoja potreban je angažman gotovo svih većih mišićnih skupina te svih zglobova u tijelu. Pritom lokomotorni sustav trpi razne vibracije i udarce. U alpskom skijanju, pogotovo vrhunskom, česta je pojava raznih ozljeda, a posebice sindrom prenaprezanja donjeg dijela leđa kao posljedica velikog opterećenja na kralješnicu, odnosno intervertebralne diskove. Kralješnica se pod opterećenjem giba naprijed i natrag, lateralno, te dolazi do torzije. Zbog velikog broja ponavljanja zavoja pod preopterećenjem dolazi do akutnih bolova u donjem dijelu leđa koji često, ako se ne tretiraju, prelaze u kronične. Radi prevencije sindroma prenaprezanja donjeg dijela leđa, u kondicijsku pripremu skijaša potrebno je implementirati vježbe specifične za jakost i stabilnost trupa . Program prevencije se temelji na utvrđivanju težine ozljede, otkrivanju uzroka ozljede, uvođenjem preventivnih mjera te procjenom efekata istih. Program prevencije sadrži razne trenažne operatore , odnosno vježbe koje se izvode progresivno te su specifične za pojedini period u godini. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je ukazati na problem sindroma prenaprezanja donjeg dijela leđa kod skijaša, njegovu prevenciju, te prikazati primjer programa prevencije po periodima bazirajući se na vježbama za jačanje i stabilizaciju mišića trupa.

Abstract (english)

Alpine skiing is a very specific sport which requires high level of physical preparedness, respectively motoric and functional abilities. Thus, it is neccesary to be involved in some kind of conditioning programme, regardless of level skiing and knowledge. During skiing activity, surface reaction forces occur, that are up to 2.5 times bigger than skiers weight. To successfully perform a turn, skier engages almost every bigger muscle group and moves all joints. The locomotor system suffers various vibrations and shocks. In skiing, especially elite skiing, there is a common occurrence of various injuries, especially syndromic overuse of the lower back as a result of high load on the spine and intervertebral discs. The spine, under load, moves back and forth, laterally and has torsion. Due to the large number of repetitive motion, there is an acute pain in the lower back that often, if left untreated, becomes chronic. In order to prevent lower back strain, it is necessary to implement exercises specific to the strength and stability of the trunk in the fitness training of alpine skiers. The prevention conditioning program is based on determining the severity of the injury, implementing preventive measures and assessing the effects. The prevention program contains various training operatives, that is, exercises that are performed progressively and are specific to the specific period of the year. The aim of this thesis is to highlight the problem of lower back overuse syndrome in alpine skiers, its prevention, and examples of prevention programme by periods based on exercises to strengthen and stabilize the trunk muscles.

• Keywords: skijanje; skijaške ozljede; prevencijski kondicijski trening
• Keywords (english): alpine skiing; alpine skiing injuries; prevention conditioning programme
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:518696
• Study programme: Title: Integrated undergraduate and graduate university study of kinesiology; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2019-10-02 08:01:02