FIZIOLOŠKI, METABOLIČKI I SUBJEKTIVNI ODGOVOR NA KARATE BORBU

master's thesis

• Title (english): PHYSIOLOGICAL, METABOLIC AND SUBJECTIVE RESPONSE TO KARATE FIGHT
• Author: Anamarija Križan
• Mentor: Daniel Bok (mentor)
• Committee member: Daniel Bok (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Branka Matković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Cvita Gregov (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-06-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Glavni cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi fiziološke zahtjeve karate borbe (kumite), odnosno akutne reakcije koje izaziva karate borba kako bi karate treneri znali koje kapacitete trebaju razvijati kod sportaša kroz trenažni program. Analizirane su studije koje su mjerile fiziološke parametre tijekom i nakon simulirane/natjecateljske karate borbe. Rezultati prikazuju koncentraciju laktata, frekvenciju srca, primitak kisika i subjektivnu procjenu opterećenja. Baze podataka koje su se koristile za pretraživanje literature su Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google znalac i Hrčak. Uzorak ispitanika u tim studijama su elitni karataši i amateri u dobi od 16 do 29 godina, uključuju oba spola iako je većina studija ispitivala isključivo muški spol. Koncentracija laktata u krvi doseže vrijednosti između 8 i 12 mmol/L. Karataši provode više od 65% vremena borbe u zoni maksimalne frekvencije srca, odnosno iznad 90% maksimalne frekvencije srca. Vršna frekvencija srca tijekom natjecanja može doseći i vrijednosti koje su iznad 90% maksimalne frekvencije srca. Kod amatera tijekom simulirane borbe u trajanju od 3 minute zabilježena razina VO2 od 47% VO2max, dok je kod elitnih karataša ona iznosila 72,5% VO2max. Subjektivna procjena opterećenja (SPO) ukazuje da karataši percipiraju karate borbu kao donekle tešku (SPO=4), tešku (SPO=5), a ponekad i jako tešku (SPO=7). Karate borba izvodi se dominantno u aerobnom režimu rada (70%), dok su anaerobni fosfageni (20%) i anaerobni glikolitički (10%) mehanizam značajno manje zastupljeni. VO2 je tijekom borbe značajno niži u odnosu na frekvenciju srca, a razlog tome je različita dinamika porasta frekvencije srca i VO2 tijekom isprekidanih aktivnosti. Budući da VO2 tijekom borbe ne doseže vrijednosti iznad 90% VO2max, situacijski treninzi ne mogu se koristiti kao trenažni program za razvoj VO2max. Porast SPO nakon uzastopnih borbi može se povezati s nedovoljnim odmorom između mečeva što ukazuje na potrebu za unaprjeđenjem VO2max koji je odgovoran za brži i kvalitetniji oporavak.

Abstract (english)

The essential goal of this study was to determine physiological requirements of karate fight (kumite). The study determined the acute reactions triggered by karate combat in order for karate coaches to know which capacities need to be developed through a training program. Studies that measured physiological parameters during and after simulated/competitive karate combat were analyzed. The results show heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and oxygen uptake. Databases used to search literature were Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Hrčak. Test subjects were elite and amateur karate athletes between the ages of 16 and 29 and involving both sexes, although most studies have examined only male athletes. Blood lactate concentrations reached values between 8 and 12 mmol/L, and the values’ slight increase and stagnation were noted. Furthermore, kumite athletes spent more than 65% of their fighting time in the zone of maximum heart rate, or above 90% of maximum heart rate. Results also showed that the peak heart rate during competition may reach values above 90% of the maximum heart rate. For amateurs during a simulated 3 minute fight, a level of 47% of VO2max was recorded, while in elite kumite athletes it was 72.5% of VO2max. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) indicates that karate fighters perceive karate combat as somewhat difficult (RPE=4), difficult (RPE=5), and sometimes very difficult (RPE=7). Karate fight is predominantly performed in aerobic mode (70%), while anaerobic phosphogens (20%) and anaerobic glycolytic (10%) mechanism are significantly less represented. VO2 levels are significantly lower during karate fight compared to the heart rates of kumite athletes. This is due to different dynamics of heart rate and VO2 increase during intermittent activities. Because VO2 does not reach values above 90% of VO2max during a karate fight, sport specific training cannot be used as a training mode for VO2max development. The rise in RPE after successive fights can be linked to insufficient rest between matches, indicating the need to improve VO2max, which is responsible for faster and more quality recovery.

• Keywords: fiziološki zahtjevi; karate borba; metabolički odgovor; subjektivna procjena opterećenja; laktati; frekvencija srca; primitak kisika
• Keywords (english): physiological requirements; karate fight; metabolic response; rating of perceived exertion; lactate; heart rate; oxygen uptake
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:103588
• Study programme: Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing; Course: Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-12-02 11:19:44