UTJECAJ PAUZE UZROKOVANE PANDEMIJOM COVID-19 NA MOTORIČKE I FUNKCIONALNE SPOSOBNOSTI MLADIH NOGOMETAŠA

master's thesis

• Title (english): EFFECTS OF COVID-19 INDUCED TRAINING BREAK ON MOTOR AND FUNCTIONAL ABILITIES IN YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS
• Author: Jakov Kosovac
• Mentor: Daniel Bok (mentor)
• Committee member: Daniel Bok (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Pavle Mikulić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Luka Milanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Jukić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Pauze od aktivnosti uzrokuju pad razine treniranosti, a time narušavaju motoričke i funkcionalne sposobnosti te povećavaju rizik od ozljeda. Cilj ovoga rada jest ustanoviti da li je pauza uzrokovana pandemijom covid-19 utjecala na značajne promjene u kondicijskim sposobnostima mladih nogometaša. Stanje kondicijske pripremljenosti prije i nakon „zatvaranja“ procijenjene su testovima brzine izvedbom sprinta na 5 m, 10 m i 25 m, agilnosti izvedbom testa 20 yardi, te eksplozivnosti donjih ekstremiteta izvedbom skoka s pripremom (SSP) i skoka iz čučnja (SČ), te aerobne izdržljivosti izvedbom testa 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT). Statistički značajno opadanje od 3,7% zabilježeno je u sprintu 5 m (1,07 ± 0,06 vs 1,11 ± 0,07, p < 0,001), 1,6% u sprintu 10 m (1,82 ± 0,084 vs 1,85 ± 0,07, p < 0,001), 1,4% sprintu 25 m (3,7 ± 0,17 vs 3,75 ± 0,15, p < 0,01), te 3,5% u izvedbi testa 20 yardi (4,54 ± 0,21 vs 4,7 ± 0,28, p < 0,001). Nisu zabilježene statistički značajne promjene u tjelesnoj masi, izvedbi testova skok s pripremom te 30-15IFT-u. Statistički značajan porast zabilježen je samo u izvedbi testa skok iz čučnja – za 2,7% (31,4 ± 4,2 vs 32,26 ± 4,62, p = 0,03). Usporedba dobivenih rezultata sa prijašnjim istraživanjima u kojima je korišten sličan ili jednako dugačak period pauze prikazuje manje opadanje mjerenih sposobnosti uzrokovano covid-19 pauzom u odnosu na prijelazne periode. Osim vježbi jakosti koje sportaši redovito provode, u prijelazni period važno je uključiti i vježbe brzine, akceleracije, mehanike sprinta te promjene smjera i pravca kretanja, obzirom da su opadanja značajna u varijablama u kojima se manifestira eksplozivna jakost tipa sprinta za razliku od eksplozivne jakosti tipa skoka koja ne doživljava značajan pad.

Abstract (english)

Activity breaks cause decrease of the level of physical condition, and therefore disturb motor and cardiorespiratory function and increase the risk of injury occurrence. The main goal of this thesis was to investigate the influence of the covid-19 pandemic-induced break on physical fitness of young soccer players. Physical fitness level of athletes before and after the training cessation was measured with tests of speed by performing sprints of 5m, 10 m and 25 m, agility by performing the 20 yards test (20y), lower extremities explosiveness by performing countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ), and aerobic endurance by performing 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT). Statistically significant decreases occurred in sprint 5 m by 3,7% (1,07 ± 0,06 vs 1,11 ± 0,07, p < 0,001), 1,6% in sprint 10 m (1,82 ± 0,084 vs 1,85 ± 0,07, p < 0,01), 1,4% in sprint 25 m (3,7 ± 0,17 vs 3,75 ± 0,15, p < 0,01) and 3,5% in agility 20y (4,54 ± 0,21 vs 4,7 ± 0,28 p < 0,0001). In body mass, CMJ and 30-15IFT there was no statistically significant decreases in performance. The only test that showed significant increase in performance was the SJ, by 2,7% (31,4 ± 4,2 vs 32,26 ± 4,62, p = 0,03). Comparison of the given results with the previous research that used similar or equal periods of break shows smaller decrease of the measured abilities caused by covid-19 break compared to off-season breaks. Besides the strength exercises that most athletes execute regularly, it is important to implement speed, acceleration, sprint mechanics and change of direction drills in the off-season period, considering the decreases in performance are significant in variables that include horizontal explosiveness such as sprint, unlike the variables that manifest vertical explosiveness such as jumping.

• Keywords: detreniranost; adaptacija; sprint
• Keywords (english): detraining; adaptation; sprint
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:442471
• Study programme: Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing; Course: Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2021-11-25 13:12:12