Sezamoidne kosti i s njima povezani zdravstveni problemi u sportaša

master's thesis

• Title (english): Sesamoid bones and related problems in athletes
• Author: Maja Vrabec
• Mentor: Marija Rakovac (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Rakovac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Šentija (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Petrinović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Sezamoidne kosti su male kosti koje su u tijelu obično urasle u mišić ili najčešće tetivu u blizini zglobnih površina. Funkcije ovih kostiju su modificiranje pritiska, smanjenje trenja čime se štite tetive, mijenjanje smjera povlačenja mišića te pomoć pri mišićnim radnjama. Najveća i najpoznatija sezamoidna kost u tijelu je patella. Ona služi za prijenos sile m. quadriceps femoris na potkoljenicu tako da omogućuje ekstenziju potkoljenice te isto tako služi za zaštitu i stabilizaciju zgloba koljena. Česta pojava su i sezamoide kosti šake i stopala. U stopalu je njihova najveća prisutnost zabilježena u području prvog metatarzalnog zgloba. U šaci se redovito nalaze dvije sezamoidne kosti na spoju metakarpalne kosti i proksimalnog članka palca, a mogu se pojaviti i na ostalim metakarpalnim kostima. Rjeđa anatomska varijacija sezamoidnih kostiju su cyamella i fabella koje najčešće nastaju kao posljedica povećanog opterećenja tetiva. U sportaša najčešće ozljede vezane uz sezamoide kosti zahvaćaju patelu i sezamoidne kosti stopala. Ozljede se javljaju kao posljedica preopterećenja i visokointenzivnih aktivnosti, rjeđe kao posljedica izravne traume. Najčešće ozljede su stres fraktura medijalne sezamoidne kosti palca te fraktura i nestabilnost patele.

Abstract (english)

Sesamoid bones are small bones that are usually embedded in a muscle or most often in a tendon near the joint surfaces. The functions of these bones are to modify pressure, reduce friction which protects the tendons, change the direction of muscle pull and help with muscle actions. The largest and best-known sesamoid bone in the body is the patella. The patella serves to transfer the force of the quadriceps femoris muscle to the lower leg so that it enables the extension of the lower leg and also serves to protect and stabilize the knee joint. The sesamoid bones of the hand and foot are also common. In the foot, the highest presence is recorded in the area of the first metatarsal joint. In the hand, there are regularly two sesamoid bones on the articular junction of the metacarpal bone and the proximal phalanx of the thumb, and they can also appear on other metacarpal bones. A rarer anatomical variation of the sesamoid bones are cyamella and fabella, which most often occur as a result of increased load on the tendons. In athletes, the most common injuries related to the sesamoid bones affect the patella and the sesamoid bones of the foot. Injuries occur as a result of overloading and high-intensity activities, less often as a result of direct trauma. The most common injuries are stress fractures of the medial sesamoid bone of the big toe and fracture and instability of the patella.

• Keywords: sezamoidne kosti; patella; sezamoide kosti šake; sezamoide kosti stopala; sportaši; cyamella; fabella
• Keywords (english): sesamoid bones; patella; sesamoid bones of the hand; sesamoid bones of the foot; athletes; cyamella; fabella
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:006983
• Study programme: Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing; Course: Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to authenticated users
• Created on: 2022-10-17 11:02:48