Title Razlike u vrstama ozljeda natjecatelja u sportskoj gimnastici Title (english) Differences in the types of injuries of competitors in artistic gymnastic Author Marija Milas Mentor Marijo Možnik (mentor)Committee member Marijo Možnik (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Tomislav Krističević (član povjerenstva)Committee member Goran Vrgoč (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2023-07-06, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Ozljede su sastavni dio svakog sporta, a posebno sportske gimnastike zbog izvedbe atraktivnih i rizičnih elemenata. Istraživanja ozljeda u sportskoj gimnastici u svijetu vrlo su česta. Ozljede stopala i gležanja smatraju se najučestalijim ozljedama, a najčešća vrsta ozljede je istegnuće ligamenata i uganuće gležnja. Iako u području istraživanja ozljeda u svijetu postoje brojni istraživački radovi, u području sportske gimnastike u Republici Hrvatskoj još uvijek nema značajnijih istraživanja, a time ni podataka. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi razliku u vrstama ozljeda hrvatskih natjecatelja u sportskoj gimnastici. U ovome istraživanju uzorak ispitanika čini 52 gimnastičara/ki u dobi od 8 godina do 26 godina: od kojih je 38 ženskog i 14 muškog spola, različitih natjecateljskih kategorija. Za potrebe istraživanja sastavljen je upitnik koji se sastoji od 7 općenitih te 14 specifičnih pitanja vezanih za ozljede. Za utvrđivanje razlika u vrstama ozljeda korištena je ANOVA na razini pogreške statističkog zaključivanja p<0,05. Rezultati istraživanja utvrđuju da je 85% ispitanika u svojoj sportskoj karijeri bilo ozlijeđeno. Usporedbom prosječnog broja ozljeda između vrhunskog i rekreativnog programa, utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između apsolutnog i obaveznog programa uz pogrešku p=0,00. U usporedbi prosječnog broja ozljeda između natjecateljskih kategorija, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA testom utvrđeno je da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika između muških natjecateljskih kategorija te ženskih natjecateljskih kategorija. Ozljede se najčešće događaju u području zgloba gležnja. Analizirajući vrstu ozljede, najčešće se događa istegnuće ligamenata. Kod 69,6% ispitanika ozljeda se dogodila tijekom treninga prilikom izvedbe vježbe na tlu, dok se manji broj ozljeda dogodio na ostalim spravama gimnastičkog višeboja. Najveći broj ozljeda, 83%, dogodio se tijekom treninga. Ispitanici su kao najčešći mogući uzrok nastanka ozljede naveli lošu tehničku pripremu te vlastitu neopreznost. Temeljem rezultata stavlja se naglasak na važnost primarne prevencije ozljeda, jačanje mišića stopala i pravilno usvajanje tehnike saskoka i doskoka kako bi se smanjila učestalost ozljede gležnja. Važno je poboljšati komunikaciju između trenera i gimnastičara/ki kako bi se spriječile veće ozljede. Daljnjim istraživanjem ozljeda utvrdit će se potencijalni mehanizmi nastanka ozljeda te mogućnost njihove prevencije.
Abstract (english) Injuries are an integral part of every sport, especially in artistic gymnastics, due to the performance of attractive and risky elements. Research on injuries in artistic gymnastics is very common in the world. Foot and ankle injuries are considered the most common injuries, and the most common type of injury is sprained ligaments and sprained ankle. Although there are numerous research papers in the field of injury research in the world, there is still no significant research, and therefore no data in the field of artistic gymnastics in the Republic of Croatia. The aim of this research is to determine the differences in the types of injuries of Croatian gymnasts. The sample of respondents consists of 52 gymnasts between the ages of 8 and 26: 38 are female and 14 are male, from different competition categories. For the purposes of the research, a questionnaire consisting of 7 general and 14 specific questions related to injuries was compiled. To determine the differences in the types of injuries, ANOVA was used at the p<0,05 statistical inference error level. The results of the research establish that 85% of respondents were injured in their sports career. By comparing the average number of injuries between the elite and recreational programs, a statistically significant difference was found between the absolute and mandatory programs with an error of p=0,00. In the comparison of the average number of injuries between gymnasts’ categories, the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test was found to be statistically non-significant between the male gymnasts’ categories and female gymnasts’ categories. Injuries most often occur in the area of the ankle joint. Analyzing the type of injury, ligaments sprains occur most often. In the case of 69,6% of respondents, the injury occurred during training on the floor exercise, while a smaller number of injuries occurred on other gymnastics apparatus. The largest number of injuries, 83%, occurred during training. The respondents cited poor technical preparation and their own carelessness as the most common possible cause of injury. Based on the results, emphasis is placed on the importance of primary prevention of injuries, strengthening of the foot muscles and proper adoption of dismounts and landing techniques to reduce the frequency of ankle joint injuries. It is important to improve communication between coaches and gymnasts to prevent major injuries. Further investigation of injuries will determine the potential mechanism of injury occurrence and the possibility of their prevention.
Keywords
gležanj
uganuće
prevencija
treneri
edukacija
Keywords (english)
ankle joint
sprain
prevention
coaches
education
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:117:222172 Study programme Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2023-07-14 08:28:01
