| Abstract | U ovom radu su opisane najčešće ozljede te njihovi mehanizni kao i prijedlozi njihovog kineziterapeutskog tretmana. Obrađene su tri najčešće ozljede na tjelesnim segmentima rame, koljeno i leđa. Ozljede mogu nastati iz različitih mehanizama, iz padova, poluga, zahvata, slučajnih udaraca te pod ujecajem preopterećenja. Kod koljena, može nastati brzom promjenom smijera, ponavljajućim padanjem na koljeno i kontaktom sa drugim sportašem. Najčešće je uzrokuje sila koja djeluje prema unutra i medijalno, praćena određenim stupnjem vanjske rotacije i fleksije. Mehanizam nastanka ozljede ramena je da do ozljede dolazi kod padanja ili bacanja, na primjer pad na rame gdje može doći do dislokcija, kontuzija, ozljeda mišića. Kod leđa mehanizam je da dolazi do prekomjernog aksijalnog opterećenja, pretjerana hiperfleksija te sindrom penaprezanja. Rizični faktori kod nastanka ozljeda mogu biti intrizični ili ekstrinzični. Zajednički intrinzični faktori su dob, spol, razina natjecanja, težina.
Rehabilitacija ozljeda je opisana kroz tri faze, akutna faza rehabilitacije, subakutna faza rehabilitacije i funkcionalna faza rehabilitacije. U akutnoj fazi rehabilitacije važno je spriječiti daljnje oštećenje i opterećenje na ozljeđeno područje a u subakutnoj osigurati stabilnosti ozljeđenog područja, jačanja mišića i povratak funkcionalnosti. U funkcionalnoj fazi sportaš se vraća svojim svakodnevnim aktivnostima. Prijedlozi kineziterapeutskih tretmana su korišteni u sve tri faze rehabilitacije. Skupno, za sve ozljede na spomenutim segmentima bitno je da se dobro rehabilitiraju kako bi bio moguć što sigurniji povratak u svakodnevne aktivnosti i sa što manjom mogućnošću recidiva. |
| Abstract (english) | This paper describes the most common injuries, their mechanisms, and suggestions for their
kinesitherapy treatment. Three of the most frequent injuries to body segments, namely the
shoulder, knee, and back, are discussed. Injuries can result from various mechanisms, such as
falls, leverage, impacts, accidental hits, and overuse. In the case of the knee, rapid changes in
direction, repetitive falls on the knee, and contact with other athletes can cause injuries. The
most common cause is an inward and medial force, often accompanied by a certain degree of
external rotation and flexion.
The mechanism of shoulder injury involves incidents like falls or throws, for example, falling
onto the shoulder, which can lead to dislocations, contusions, and muscle injuries. For back
injuries, the mechanism includes excessive axial loading, excessive hyperflexion, and overuse
syndrome. Risk factors for injury can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Common intrinsic factors include
age, gender, competition level, and weight.
The rehabilitation of injuries is outlined through three phases: the acute phase of rehabilitation,
the subacute phase of rehabilitation, and the functional phase of rehabilitation. In the acute
phase, it's important to prevent further damage and stress to the injured area. In the subacute
phase, the focus shifts to stabilizing the injured area, strengthening muscles, and regaining
functionality. The functional phase involves the athlete returning to their daily activities.
Kinesytherapeutic treatment suggestions are employed in all three phases of rehabilitation.
Overall, for all injuries in the mentioned segments, it is crucial to undergo thorough
rehabilitation to enable a safer return to daily activities and minimize the possibility of
recurrence. |
| Study programme | Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing
Course: Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy
Study programme type: university
Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/sveučilišna magistar/magistra kineziologije u edukaciji (sveučilišni/sveučilišna magistar/magistra kineziologije u edukaciji) |
