Uloga neuroplastičnosti u liječenju lumbosakralnog bolnoga sindroma

master's thesis

• Title (english): The role of neuroplasticity in the treatment of low back pain sindrome
• Author: Ivana Laslo
• Mentor: Iris Zavoreo (mentor)
• Committee member: Iris Zavoreo (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dubravka Ciliga (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Petrinović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Bol u leđima predstavlja jedno od najčešćih bolnih stanja odraslih osoba. Većina ljudi tijekom života osjeti bol u donjem dijelu leđa koja se definira kao bol, mišićna napetost i nelagoda u području lumbalne kralježnice, sa ili bez širenja u nogu. Lumbosakralni sindrom je skup simptoma (bol, osjetni i motorički deficit) koji su neposredno ili posredno uzrokovani lumbosakralnom kompresivnom radikulopatijom. Lumbosakralni sindrom najčešći je bolni sindrom i za liječenje bolesnika potreban je multidisciplinarni pristup, kako u dijagnostičkom tako i u terapijskom postupku. Neuroplastičnost se odnosi na sposobnost živčanog sustava da se reorganizira i prilagodi različitim promjenama. Kod bolesnika s lumbalnim bolnim sindromom (LBS) dolazi do promjene u motoričkom korteksu koja nastaje zbog zakašnjele aktivacije dubokih trbušnih mišića (transversus abdominis), a isto tako neuroplastične promjene povezane su s boli koja se javlja kod bolesnika. U prisutnosti kronične boli neuroplastične promjene pokazuju svoju „tamnu stranu“. Usred procesa središnje senzibilizacije štetni podražaju uzrokuju kroničnu bol, a ne štetni podražaji tumače se kao bolni. Dosadašnjim istraživanjima dokazali su da trening motoričkih vještina može uzrokovati plastičnost u motornom sustavu i da je povezan s poboljšanjem motoričke koordinacije, smanjenjem akutne i prevencijom razvoja kronične boli kod bolesnika s LBS-om.

Abstract (english)

Back pain is one of the most common pain states in adults. During their lifetime most people experience pain in the lower back region which is defined as pain, muscular tension and discomfort in the lumbar vertabrae, with or without the pain spreading down to the leg. Lumbosacrale syndrom is a set of symptoms (pain, sense and motor deficit) which are indirectly or directly caused by lumbosacrale compresive radiculopathy. Lumbosacrale syndrom is the most common pain syndrom and a multidisciplinary approach needs to be
taken in patient treatment in both diagnostics and therapy procedure. Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of a nervous system to reorganise and adapt to different changes. Patients with lumbal pain syndrome (LPS) experience the change in their motor cortex which occurs due to a delayed activation of deep abdominal muscles (transversus abdominis), and neuroplastic changes are connected to the pain suffered by the patients. When accompanied by chronic pain neuroplastic changes display their ''dark side''. Amidst the process of central sensibilisation, harmful stimulans cause chronic pain, and non-harmful stimulans are interpreted as painful. Present research have shown that motor skills training may cause plasticity in the motor system and that it is connected to the improvement of motor coordination, acute pain decrease and prevention of chronic pain with the patients suffering from LPS.

• Keywords: bol; plastičnost; živci; kineziterapija; trening; vještine; leđa
• Keywords (english): pain; plasticity; nerves; kinesitherapy; skills; back
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:824839
• Study programme: Title: Integrated undergraduate and graduate university study of kinesiology; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-09-26 10:47:45