Utjecaj nošenja školske torbe na veličinu i distribuciju plantarnog pritiska kod djece osnovnoškolske dobi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Effects of backpack carriage on magnitude and distribution of plantar pressure among primary schoolchildren
• Author: Filip Bolčević
• Mentor: Mario Kasović (mentor)
• Committee member: Boris Neljak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Kasović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljubomir Antekolović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Kinesiology; (Department of General and Applied Kinesiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology

Abstract

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je istražiti utjecaj nošenja školske torbe na veličinu i distribuciju plantarnog pritiska kod djece osnovnoškolske dobi. Znanstvena zajednica navodi kako je optimalan omjer mase školske torbe i mase djeteta 10-15 %. Uzorak je činilo 127 školske djece, 48.8 % dječaka (N = 62) i 51.2 % djevojčica (N = 65), dobi (6.7 ± 0.5) godina, tjelesne visine (126.6 ± 5.7) cm i tjelesne mase (25.6 ± 4.2) kg. Prosječna masa školske torbe za ukupnu populaciju iznosila je (4.2 ± 0.7) kg što predstavlja (16.9 ± 3.9) % prosječne mase za ukupnu populaciju. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju kako u hodu dolazi do značajnog povećanja vrijednosti vršnog pritiska za uvjet sa školskom torbom u odnosu na uvjet bez školske torbe i to za prednji, srednji i stražnji dio stopala kod muške (15.2%, 8.3% i 9.3%) i ukupne populacije (17.1%, 5.7% i 3.9%), dok je kod ženske populacije povećanje vršnog pritiska za isti uvjet značajno za prednji i srednji dio stopala (18.9 % i 3.1%). Također, za uvjet za školskom torbom dolazi do značajnog povećanja kontaktne površine u odnosu na uvjet bez torbe za sva tri dijela stopala kod ženske populacije (6.5%, 13.0% i 3.2%), dok do značajnog povećanja kontaktne površine za prednji i srednji dio stopala dolazi kod muške (4.3% i 7.2%) i ukupne populacije (3.6% i 8.8%). Prosječan pritisak se kod ženske populacije značajno povećava za uvjet sa školskom torbom za srednji dio stopala (7.2%) i značajno smanjuje za stražnji dio stopala (5.9%), kod muške populacije se prosječan pritisak za isti uvjet značajno povećava za stražnji dio stopala (4.0%), a za ukupnu populaciju se značajno povećava za srednji dio stopala (6.2%). Ovo istraživanje pokazalo je postojanje razlika u mehanizmu opterećivanja stopala kod muške i ženske populacije ispitanika tijekom hoda u uvjetima sa školskom torbom. Zaključeno je kako je opterećenje školske torbe neadekavatno za učenike prvog razreda osnovne škole sa biomehaničkog i ergonomskog stajališta osobito zato što se još nalaze u fazi rasta i takvo opterećenje može ih izložiti boli i ozljedama donjeg dijela leđa u odrasloj dobi.

Abstract (english)

The purpose of this study was to research effects of backpack carriage on magnitude and distribution of plantar pressure among primary schoolchildren. Scientific community acknowledges that the optimal mass of school bag in comparison to children body mass is between 10-15 %. The sample was comprising 127 schoolchildren, 48.8 % boys (N = 62) and 51.2 % girls (N = 65), age (6.7 ± 0.5) years, body height (126.6 ± 5.7) cm and body mass (25.6 ± 4.2) kg. Average mass of school bags for whole sample was (4.2 ± 0.7) kg which represents (16.9 ± 3.9) %. Results are showing significant increase in mean pressure for conditon with school bag while walking in reference to condtion without school bag for forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot in boys (15.2%, 8.3% i 9.3%) and whole sample (17.1%, 5.7% i 3.9%), while in girls increase is obsereved in mean pressure for the same condition for forefoot and midfoot (18.9 % i 3.1%). Also, for conditon with school bag it comes to significant increase in contact area in reference to condition without bag for whole three parts of foot in girls (6.5%, 13.0% i 3.2%), and as well for boys in forefoot and midfoot (4.3% i 7.2%) and whole sample (3.6% i 8.8%). Mean pressure is significantly increasing for condition with school bag for midfoot in girls (7.2%) and significantly decreasing for hindfoot (5.9%), in boys sample mean pressure for the same condition is also significantly increasing for hindfoot (4.0%), and for whole sample significantly increasing for midfoot (6.2%). This reserach has shown difference in mechanism of feet loading in boys and girls while dynamic conditions with school bag. It was concluded that the load of schoolbags carried by first graders is too high from biomehanical and ergonomic point of view especially because they are still in growth phase and that kind of load can cause pain or low back injuries in adulthood.

• Keywords: školska djeca; kralježnica; sila; pedobarografija; analiza hoda
• Keywords (english): schoolchildren; spine; force; pedobarography; gait analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:117:711213
• Study programme: Title: Integrated undergraduate and graduate university study of kinesiology; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra kineziologije (magistar / magistra kineziologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-10-02 11:51:56