Title Subjektivne i objektivne opasnosti u planinama tijekom tjelesnih aktivnosti na snijegu Title (english) Subjective and objective hazards in the mountains during physical activity in the snow Author Lara Očić Mentor Vjekoslav Cigrovski (mentor)Committee member Vjekoslav Cigrovski (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Drena Trkulja-Petković (član povjerenstva)Committee member Nikola Prlenda (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2021-09-29, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract U planinama su zimi česte magle, postoji opasnost od lavina, ledenjačkih pukotina i kraških rupa. Na većim visinama može doći do pojave visinske bolesti, a kao posljedica djelovanja hladnoće ili pak sunca, može doći do pojave ozeblina, snježnog sljepila ili opeklina (Cigrovski, Matković i sur., 2019). Isto tako, neispravna oprema, neznanje, neiskustvo, kondicijska nepripremljenost i psihološke karakteristike kao što su anksioznost, strah, briga ili prevelika hrabrost, potencijalna su opasnost tijekom boravka u planinama. Sportovi na snijegu specifični su zbog samog mjesta provođenja aktivnosti. Planine su nepredvidljive, a čovjek svojim djelovanjem nije u mogućnosti utjecati na uvjete koji vladaju na planini. Cilj ovog rada je približiti skijašima, daskašima, planinarima i ostalim posjetiocima planina njezine opasnosti. Opasnosti u planinama dijele se na objektivne i subjektivne. U objektivne opasnosti ubrajaju se odroni stijena, mrak, snijeg, kiša, vlažnost stijene, munje, snježne strehe, visinska bolest, hladnoća, magla, lavine, ultraljubičaste zrake, opekline i snježno sljepilo. Opasnosti na koje utječe sam čovjek svojim postupcima i ponašanjem na planini su padovi, ozljede, nepoštivanje znakova, neispravnost opreme, nepoželjne psihološke karakteristike te kondicijska nepripremljenost i nazivaju se subjektivne opasnosti. Također, razlikuju se opasnosti u planinama i opasnosti na skijaškim stazama. U radu će se navesti razlozi nastanka navedenih opasnosti te načini kako spriječiti potencijalno opasnu situaciju. Od izuzetne važnosti je znati kako pomoći sebi i drugima ukoliko dođe do takve situacije. Važnu ulogu imaju i učitelji skijanja. Osim podučavanja skijaške tehnike, učitelji skijanja prenose i znanja o pravilnom ponašanju unutar skijaške grupe, na skijaškoj stazi, te su uzor svakom polazniku škole skijanja. Svjetska skijaška organizacija (FIS) propisala je pravila ponašanja kojih bi se trebali pridržavati tokom boravka na skijaškim stazama s ciljem povećanja sigurnosti i smanjenja broja ozljeda.
Abstract (english) Mists are common during the winter in mountains, as well as there are the dangers of avalanches, glacial cracks and sinkholes. In higher altitudes mountain sickness may arise, while, as the consequence of cold weather or sun exposure, the chilblains, snow blindness or sunburns may occur (Cigrovski, Matković and associates, 2019). Furthermore, defective equipment, ignorance, inexperience, poor physical preparation and psychological characteristics, such as anxiety, fear, concern or too much courage may represent potential danger during the stay in the mountains. Snow sports are specific for the place where the activities are carried out. The mountains are unpredictable and humans, with their actions, are unable to affect the mountain's conditions. The objective of this master thesis is to bring close to the skiers, snowboarders, climbers and other mountain visitors the real dangers of the activities performed in the mountains. The dangers in mountains are divided into objective and subjective. Objective dangers are considered to be rock sliding, darkness, snow, rain, rock humidity, lightning, snow eaves, mountain sickness, cold, mists, avalanches, ultraviolet rays, sunburns and snow blindness. Subjective dangers are caused by the human actions and behaviors, such as fallings, injuries, disrespect of signs, defective equipment, undesirable psychological characteristics and poor physical preparation. Also, there is a difference between dengers in mountains and dangers on ski slopes. This thesis contains causes of the respective dangers and manners of avoidance of potentially dangerous situations. To know how to help yourself and others in case of occurrence of such a situation is of the utmost importance. Ski instructors play a major role as well. Except for the ski technique lessons, ski instructors teach rules of conduct within the ski groups, on ski slopes and they shall be role models for each ski-school attendant. The International Ski Federation (FIS) has prescribed rules of conduct which shall be obeyed while on ski slopes with the purpose of improving security and reducing the number of injuries.
Keywords
lavine
visinska bolest
neiskustvo
učitelj skijanja
FIS pravila
Keywords (english)
avalanche
altitude sickness
inexperience
ski instructors
FIS rules
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:117:263651 Study programme Title: Kinesiology; specializations in: Kinesiology in Education and Track-and-Field, Kinesiology in Education and Fitness, Kinesiology in Education and Wrestling, Kinesiology in Education and Sailing, Kinesiology in Education and Windsurfing, Kinesiology in Education and Judo, Kinesiology in Education and Kayaking, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesiological Recreation, Kinesiology in Education and Kinesitherapy, Kinesiology in Education and Physical Conditioning of Athletes, Kinesiology in Education and Basketball, Kinesiology in Education and Football, Kinesiology in Education and Volleyball, Kinesiology in Education and Basic Kinesiological Transformations, Kinesiology in Education and Dancing, Kinesiology in Education and Swimming, Kinesiology in Education and Rhythmic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Handball, Kinesiology in Education and Skiing, Kinesiology in Education and Artistic Gymnastics, Kinesiology in Education and Management of Sport, Kinesiology in Education and Tennis, Kinesiology in Education and Rowing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2021-11-30 14:01:46
