| Sažetak | S obzirom na prethodno utvrđene pozitivne učinke plesa na pojedine čimbenike rizika razvoja kardiovaskularnih bolesti, cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi učinak programa standardnih i latinskoameričkih društvenih plesova na ukupno smanjenje više kardiovaskularnih čimbenika rizika u prethodno sedentarnih osoba odrasle dobi. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 100 ispitanika, podijeljenih u eksperimentalnu (N=50) i kontrolnu (N=50) skupinu. Ispitanici oba spola, starosti od 35 do 70 godina, uključeni su prema kriteriju sedentarnosti koja je definirana provođenjem umjerene tjelesne aktivnosti manje od 30 minuta barem tri puta tjedno. Mjerenje rizičnih čimbenika za kardiovaskularne bolesti (anamnestičkih podataka prikupljenih upitnikom, vrijednostikrvnog tlaka, antropometrijskih mjera i krvnih pretraga) provodilo se u obje skupine na početku istraživanja i nakon dva mjeseca. Inicijalna i završna mjerenja kod eksperimentalne skupine provodio je jedan istraživač u plesnim centrima u kojima su ispitanici plesali, dok su se mjerenja kontrolne skupine provodila u ambulantama pod nadzorom liječnika. Eksperimentalna skupina sudjelovala je u dvomjesečnom programu početnog tečaja latinskoameričkih i standardnih društvenih plesova (Cha Cha Cha, Samba, Rumba, Jive, Bečki valcer, Engleski valcer, Tango i Foxtrot), koji se provodio dva puta tjedno u trajanju od 90 minuta. Ispitanici u kontrolnoj skupini zadržali su svoje uobičajene navike. Slučajnim odabirom u obje skupine određeno je 20 % ispitanika kod kojih su mjerenja dodatno ponovljena dva mjeseca nakon završetka istraživanja. Podatci dobiveni mjerenjem statistički su obrađeni u programu SPSS. U istraživanju su postavljene sljedeće hipoteze. Kardiovaskularni rizični čimbenici značajno su se smanjili u istraživanoj skupini nakon dva mjeseca treninga plesa. Kardiovaskularni rizični čimbenici značajnije su se smanjili kod žena nego kod muškaraca u istraživanoj skupini nakon dva mjeseca treninga plesa. Kardiovaskularni rizični čimbenici značajno su manji u istraživanoj skupini u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu nakon dva mjeseca treninga plesa. Kardiovaskularni čimbenici rizika značajno su manji u istraživanoj skupini u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu 2 mjeseca nakon završetka programa treninga plesa Istraživanjem je potvrđena hipoteza da su se kardiovaskularni rizični čimbenici značajno smanjili u istraživanoj skupini nakon dva mjeseca treninga plesa u vrijednostima glukoze (p=0,017), kolesterola (p=0,024), a povećali u vrijednostima indeksa tjelesne mase (p=0,035). Hipoteza da su se kardiovaskularni rizični čimbenici značajnije smanjili kod žena nego kod muškaraca u istraživanoj skupini nakon dva mjeseca treninga plesa nije potvrđena (p>0,05) za sve varijable. Hipoteza o značajnom smanjenju kardiovaskularnih rizičnih čimbenika u istraživanoj skupini nakon dva mjeseca treninga plesa djelomično je potvrđena jer su smanjenja utvrđena u vrijednostima ukupnog kolesterola (p=0,000) i glukoze (p=0,000). Rezultati binarne logističke regresije pokazali su da kontrolna skupina ima 2,76 puta veću vjerojatnost povećanja indeksa tjelesne mase, OR=2,76, (95 %, 1,19-6,42, p=0,019), 6,29 puta veću vjerojatnost povećanja kolesterola, OR=6,29, (95 %, 2,58-15,36, p<0,001), 5,07 puta veću vjerojatnost povećanja triglicerida, OR=5,07, (95 %, 2,01-12,81, p=0,001) i 3,81 puta veću vjerojatnost povećanja glukoze u krvi, OR=3,81, (95 %, 1,62-8,96, p=0,002) u odnosu na ispitivanu skupinu. Hipoteza da su se čimbenici rizika značajno smanjili u istraživanoj skupini u odnosu na kontrolnu 2 mjeseca nakon završetka programa plesa nije potvrđena (p>0,05 za sve
varijable). Istraživanjem su potvrđeni pozitivni učinci početnog programa latinskoameričkih i standardnih društvenih plesova na pojedine rizične čimbenike za nastanak kardiovaskularnih bolesti kod prethodno sedentarnih odraslih osoba. Znanstveni doprinos istraživanja su nove spoznaje o utjecaju dvomjesečnog programa društvenog plesa na višestruke rizične čimbenike za kardiovaskularne bolesti s praćenjem naknadnog, dugoročnog učinka. Usporednim praćenjem velikog broja čimbenika na sedentarnoj populaciji koja je započela s plesnim programom dobivene su spoznaje o učinkovitosti ovih programa i njihovoj primjenjivosti u praktičnom, intervencijskom smislu. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | In our research, we determined how much programs of Standard and Latin American social dances can influence the reduction of certain cardiovascular risk factors in previously sedentary people. 100 respondents participated in the research, 50 respondents from the experimental group and 50 respondents from the control group. The subjects were of both genders, aged 35 to 70 years. All respondents answered 2 questions about the number of days per week they spend in vigorous physical activity and the daily duration of that activity. Both groups included in the study were included according to the sedentarity criteria,, which was defined by conducting less than 60 minutes three times a week of moderate physical activity. Measurements of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (anamnestic data-questionnaire, blood pressure values,
anthropometric measures and blood tests) were performed at the beginning of the study and after 2 months, in both groups. Initial and final measurements in the experimental group were performed by one researcher in dance centers where the subjects were dancing, while measurements in the control group were performed in clinics under the supervision of a
physician. Subjects in the control group maintained their usual habits. The control group did not perform physical activity, so we measured the risk factors in this group at the beginning of the study and after 2 months of the study. By random selection in both groups, we determined 20% of subjects in whom we repeated the measurements 2 months after the end of the study. The data obtained by measurement were statistically processedin the SPSS program. In the research, we submited the following hypotheses. Cardiovascular risk factors significantly decreased in the research group after two months of dance training. Cardiovascular risk factors decreased more significantly in women than in meni in the study
group after two months of dance training. Cardiovascular risk factors are significantly lower in the research group compared to the control group after two months of dance training. Cardiovascular risk factors are significantly lower in the research group compared to the control group 2 months after the end of the dance training program. The research confirmed the hypothesis that cardiovascular risk factors significantly decreased in the research group after two months of dance training in the values of glucose (p=0.017), cholesterol (p=0.024), and increased in the values of the body mass index (p=0.035). The hypothesis that cardiovascular risk factors decreased more significantly in women than in men in the research group after two months of dance training was not confirmed (p>0.05) for all variables. The hypothesis of a significant reduction in cardiovascular risk factors in the research group after two months of dance training was partially confirmed, as reductions were found in the values of the following factors: total cholesterol (p=0.000) and blood sugar (p=0.000). Binary logistic regression results showed that the control group had a 2.76 times higher probability of increasing body mass index, OR=2.76, (95 %, 1.19-6.42, p=0.019), a 6.29 times higher probability increase in cholesterol, OR=6.29, (95 %, 2.58-15.36, p<0.001), 5.07 times more likely to increase triglycerides, OR=5.07, (95 %, 2.01-12 .81, p=0.001) and 3.81 times more likely to increase blood glucose, OR=3.81, (95 %, 1.62-8.96, p=0.002) compared to the control group. The hypothesis that risk factors significantly decreased in the research group compared to the control group 2 months after the end of the dance program was not confirmed (p>0.05) for all variables. We have shown the positive effects of the initial program of Latin American and Ballroom social dances on certain risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in previously sedentary adults. The scientific contribution of research is a new knowledge about the impact of two-month program of social dancing on multiple risk factors for cardiovascular diseases with the followup of the long-term effect. By comparative monitoring of a large number of factors on a sedentary population that started with a dance program, we gained knowledge about the effectiveness of these programs and their applicability in a practical, interventional sense. |
